![]() ![]() This binding will have been with the MS for most of the earlier part of its history. From insect holes, which are numerous on the first and last folios of the MS, conservators conclude that the original (or at least earlier) binding was made of woodĭiscolouring on the edges of the first and last folio further suggests that this wooden binding was covered with tanned leather. The stitching used for the binding is old, but it has not yet been established if this is original to the MS or not. The present cover is not original to the MS but was added at a much later date and it cannot tell us anything about the origin of the MS. The cover is made of goat skin, as established by a professional parchment maker who analysed the MS in November 2014, during a workshop at the Folger library in Washington The species was established in 2014 by means of protein analysis The Voynich MS has been written on parchment made of calf skin. ![]() When and how was the Voynich MS produced The materials The question about the number of people involved is briefly discussed The 'artist' is the person (or persons) who made the drawings, regardless of their perceived artistic quality. While this could be true, it is not necessarily the case and it is done for convenience and readability. I will usually refer to the 'author' as if the MS were conceived and written by a single person. scribe and artist), or that one role was performed by several different people (e.g. On this page, I am not referring to people but to 'roles', and leave open all possibilities, for example that several roles were performed by the same person (e.g. Several other people would have been more involved with the materials (parchment maker, book binder) and are not considered here. These could be scribes/copyists or artists, or an author in case the MS is an autograph. The production of an illustrated medieval manuscript typically involved several different people. No attempt is made to identify sources used in the process. It will first address the process of creating the MS, and the time frame when this probably took place, followed by a discussion about the possible place where this happened, and the possible author(s). This page addresses the first part, the origin or creation of the manuscript. The history of the research and analysis of the MS.The history of the manuscript, describing its whereabouts and who owned it until present.The origin of the manuscript, describing its creation and addressing the questions where, when, who, how, how long etc.The history of the Voynich MS is described in three parts, on three pages: » .The origin of the Voynich MS Introduction The mystery of its meaning and origin has excited the popular imagination, provoking study and speculation. The manuscript has never been demonstrably deciphered, and none of the proposed hypotheses have been independently verified. Codebreakers Prescott Currier, William Friedman, Elizabeth Friedman and John Tiltman were unsuccessful. The Voynich manuscript has been studied by professional and amateur cryptographers, including American and British codebreakers from both World War I and World War II. Since 1969, it has been held in Yale University's Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. The manuscript is named after Wilfrid Voynich, a Polish-Lithuanian book dealer who purchased it in 1912. Most of the pages have fantastical illustrations or diagrams, some crudely coloured, with sections of the manuscript showing people, fictitious plants, astrological symbols, etc. Some pages are foldable sheets of varying sizes. The manuscript consists of around 240 pages, but there is evidence that pages are missing. Hypotheses suggest that it is a script for a natural language or constructed language an unread code, cypher, or other form of cryptography or a meaningless hoax. The origins, authorship, and purpose of the manuscript are debated. Stylistic analysis indicates it may have been composed in Italy during the Italian Renaissance. The vellum on which it is written has been carbon-dated to the early 15th century (1404?1438). According Wikipedia: «The Voynich manuscript is an illustrated codex hand-written in an unknown script referred to as 'Voynichese'. ![]()
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